Have microplastics been found in human semen and testes?

Yes, recent studies have confirmed the presence of microplastic particles in both human semen and testicular tissue. Researchers have identified various polymer types including polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyester fragments in seminal fluid samples. These particles are small enough to cross biological barriers and accumulate in reproductive organs, where they can directly interfere with sperm production and function.

The presence of microplastics in the testes is particularly concerning because the blood-testis barrier is supposed to protect developing sperm cells from harmful substances. Research shows that microplastics can damage this barrier through oxidative stress via the ROS/mTOR signaling pathway, allowing toxins to reach vulnerable germ cells. Once inside, these particles cause inflammation and disrupt the hormonal environment needed for healthy spermatogenesis.

Textile fibers are one of the most common types of microplastics found in the human body, with an estimated 74,000 to 121,000 particles absorbed annually through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. Reducing your exposure starts with what you wear closest to your body. Natural fabrics like organic cotton, hemp, and merino wool do not shed persistent plastic particles, making them a practical first step toward lowering your microplastic burden.